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Circuit
Diagram > Precision full wave rectifier circuit

Precision full wave rectifier circuit

Date: 2012-8-13Author: anonymousReading(643)Collection
this page

The use of Operational amplifiers can improve the?performance?of a
wide?variety?of signal processing circuits. In rectifier circuits, the voltage
drop that occurs with an ordinary semiconductor rectifier can be eliminated to
give precision rectification.

The below
shown circuit is the precision full wave rectifier. It consists of following
sections:

Precision half-wave rectifier

Inverting summing amplifier

The input voltage Vin is applied to one terminal of the summing amplifier
along with resistor R3 and to the input of the precision rectifier. The output
of precision rectifier is applied to another terminal of summing amplifier. The
precision half-wave rectifier circuit uses an inverting amplifier
configuration.

When the input signal Vin is positive, Op-Amp output terminal is negative,
Diode D1 is reverse biased and D2 Diode is forward biased, the circuit is

Vb = -(R2/R1) * Vin

In the circuit, R1 and R2 have been chosen such that R2 = 2R1.
So the
voltage at Vb = -2Vin.

Thus during the positive half cycle of the rectified voltage Vb is applied to
terminal B of the inverting summing amplifier is -2Vin.

The voltage at terminal A is Va = Vin. The output from the summing circuit
with R3=R4=R5 is Vo = – (Va Vb). Hence Vo = -(Vin – 2Vin) = Vin. So during the
negative half cycle of the input, the Op-Amp output terminal goes positive,
causing D2 to be reverse biased. Without D1 in the circuit, the Op-Amp output
would be saturated in the positive direction. However, the positive voltage at
the Op-Amp output forward biases the D1. This tends to pull the Op-Amp inverting
terminal in a positive direction. But, such a move would cause the Op-Amp output
to go negative. So, the output settles at the voltage close to ground level. So
to be clear, the negative half-cycle is clipped off. That is Vb=0 and Va = -Vin.
Totally the Vo will be ?Vo = -(-Vin 0) = Vin.

It is seen that the output is a full wave rectified version of the input
voltage. A Precision full-wave rectifier is also known as absolute value
circuit. This means the circuit output is the absolute value of the input
voltage regardless of polarity.

If you any doubt about the circuit please drop it in comments we will respond
you.;

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